Waa maxay consensus mechanism? waa hab lagu hubiyo in dhammaan kombiyuutarrada ku xiran shabakadda blockchain-ka ay isku raacsan yihiin hal nuqul oo sax ah oo diiwaanka xawiladaha ah (ledger).
Waxaa ugu muhiim san waa in shabakadda oo dhan ay isku raacdo hal xog oo mid ah , xitaa haddii qaar ka mid ah kombuyuutarrada (nodes) ay fashilmaan ama ay isku dayaan khiyaano.
Hababka Consensus waxay hubiyaan in dhammaan xogta ku jirta blockchain-ka ay tahay mid sax ah, sidokalena ay tahay mid laysku raacsan yahay.[1]
Sidee buu u shaqeeyaa Consensus Mechanism?
Marka kumanaan kombuyuutarro ay hayaan nuqul ka mid ah xogta blockchain-ka, dhibaatooyin ayay keeni karaan sida xog is-khilaafsan ama in khiyaano ay sameeyan kombuyuutarada qaar
Haddaba, Consensus Mechanism wuxuu keenaa sharciyo iyo habraacyo cadcad oo lagu xaqiijinayo:
- In dhammaan xawiladaha (transactions) loo diiwaangaliyo si sax ah.
- In la hubiyo cidda xaqa u leh inay xog cusub ku darto blockchain.
- In la sugo badbaadada iyo hufnaanta shabakadda.
Noocyada Consensus Mechanisms
1. Proof of Work (PoW)
Proof of Work waa nidaamkii ugu horreeyey ee laga hirgeliyey blockchain-ka, waxaana markii ugu horreysay adeegsatay Bitcoin (BTC).
Kombuyuutarro awood badan leh ( miners) ayaa tartan ugu jira inay xalliyaan xisaabo adag oo aad u dhib badan.
- Kombuyuutarka ugu horreeya ee xalliya su’aal xisaabeedka waxa uu helayaa abaalmarin crypto cusub ah.
- Nidaamkan waxaa lagu magacaabaa mining, sababtoo ah waxaad “qodaysaa” lacag digital ah sida Bitcoin.
Fiiro gaar ah: Mining – ku wuxu u baahan yahay tamar aad u badan iyo qalab kombuyuutar oo awood badan leh.
Tusaale:
Waxay la mid tahay koox dad ah oo ku tartamaya xallinta su’aal aad u adag, qofkii ugu horreeya ee xaliyaana wuxuu helayaa lacag.
2. Proof of Stake (PoS)
Proof of Stake waa hab cusub oo la ikhtiraacay si looga fogaado isticmaalka tamarta badan ee Proof of Work.Halkii laga tartami lahaa xallinta sualo
- Halka Proof of Work lagu tartamo xallinta su’aalo adag, Proof of Stake wuxuu doortaa hubiyeyaal (validators) iyadoo lagu saleynayo tirada lacagta (crypto) ee ay shabakadda damaanad ahan dhigaan (stake). Inta lacag ee ay dhigtaan, ayay fursad u helayaan in ay xaqiijiyaan xawilaado .
Tusaale:
Kaba soo qaad in ay jirto shabakad lagu kaydiyo lacago crypto ah — waxaana loo baahan yahay dad aamin ah oo hubiya xawiladaha lasamaynayo :(validators).
- Axmed wuxuu haystaa 1,000 crypto ah , wuuna go,ansaday inuu 500 oo crypto ah uu damaanad dhigo si uu u noqdo xaqiijiye
- Fadumo iyaduna waxay haysata 5,000 crypto ah , waxayna damaanad dhigtay 2,000 crypto ah.
Maadama Fadumo ay lacag kabadan ahmed ay damaanad dhigatay waxay leedahay fursad sare oo ah in loo doorto validator.
Haddii ay si daacad ah u hubiso xawiladaha , abaalmarin ayey helaysaa (lacag cusub ama khidmadaha xawiladaha).
Laakiin haddii qofka isku dayo khiyaano, lacagta uu damaanada dhigtay aya laga jarayaa. Tani waxay keenaysaa in dadka loo dooranayo xaqiijiye,yaasha ay noqdaan kuwo daacad ah.
halkii laga heli lahaa mining, waxaa laga helaya lacag ka timaadda khidmadaha xawiladaha (transaction fees).
Noocyo Kale oo Consensus Mechanisms ah
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
DPoS waa nooc ka mid ah Proof of Stake. Dadku waxay u codeeyaan oo ay doortaan wakiillo xaqiijiya xawiladaha .
Tusaale:
Sida in dad badan ay u codeeyaan koox yar si ay umatalan oo kormeer ugu sameeyan xogta.
Proof of Authority (PoA)
Proof of Authority waa nidaam lagu doorto dadka xaqiijiya xawiladaha, iyadoo la fiirinayo kalsoonida lagu qabo, ma la eegayo lacagtooda .
Tusaale:
Sida marka la doorto qof sumcad fiican leh si uu u ilaaliyo diiwaannada magaalada; haddii uu ku xadgudbo, isla markaaba xilka aya laga qaadayaa.
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